No species meet the strict criteria for “Endemic Species of Saudi Arabia”.
Define the scope up front: this list uses a strict definition of endemic — species native only to the political borders of Saudi Arabia and found nowhere else. Using that rule, no species currently qualify as endemic to Saudi Arabia alone. Many plants and animals often mentioned in popular sources are actually shared with neighboring countries or are endemic to the larger Arabian Peninsula, not to Saudi Arabia by itself.
Explain why the criteria creates this result. Species ranges do not follow country lines. Scientific resources such as Flora of Saudi Arabia, IUCN and GBIF report endemism by biogeographic region or ecoregion more often than by modern borders. Taxonomy and field surveys change over time: a plant or animal once thought unique to one area can later be recorded across a border, or a species can be split into several taxa with different ranges. Conservation actions like reintroductions also alter native-range statements. These technical and historical factors make strict national endemics rare or absent for Saudi Arabia.
Offer close alternatives readers will find useful. Look instead for species endemic to the Arabian Peninsula, or for endemics of Saudi subregions such as the Asir and Hejaz mountains or the Farasan Islands. Also consider “near-endemics” that occur mostly in Saudi Arabia but extend into Yemen or Oman. For practical research, consult regional checklists (Asir flora, Farasan fauna), IUCN country species lists, GBIF occurrence maps, and the Flora of Saudi Arabia as next steps.
