No plant species are currently confirmed as endemic to Sudan alone.
Note that this list is empty when you use strict criteria: a species must be native and found only inside the current political borders of Sudan (South Sudan excluded). Many older records and field reports use a wider “Sudan” region or do not separate Sudan from neighbouring countries. Use Kew POWO, GBIF, the African Plant Database and the IUCN Red List to verify strict endemism.
Understand why the strict filter produces no results. Sudan’s modern borders changed in 2011 when South Sudan became independent. Many plants recorded for “Sudan” actually occur in areas now in South Sudan or in neighbouring states (Ethiopia, Eritrea, Chad, Egypt). Botanical surveys in remote parts of Sudan are still patchy. Taxonomic revisions also move species’ names and ranges, so few—or none—remain listed as restricted only to Sudan in major databases.
Check these close alternatives instead. Look for species endemic to the Red Sea Hills and eastern Desert ecoregions that cross Eritrea and Sudan (several Aloe and dryland shrub species). Search for plants listed as endemic to “Sudan and South Sudan” or for regional endemics of the Sahel, Sahara or Nile floodplain habitats inside Sudan. For practical follow-ups, examine the Flora of Sudan, regional ecoregion checklists, and the major databases (Kew POWO, GBIF, APD, IUCN) to find near-endemics and rare species that occur in or near Sudan.
