The Complete List of Endemic Species of Sudan
No species meet the strict criteria for “Endemic Species of Sudan.”
Define endemic as a species found only inside Sudan’s current political borders. Using that strict definition creates an empty result. Many plants and animals in the region have ranges that cross borders. Older records and modern surveys often list the same species in neighboring countries. Taxonomic changes and limited field surveys also remove candidates from a strict national endemic list.
Understand the technical reasons behind this gap. Sudan split from South Sudan in 2011, and many historic records do not separate the two countries. Ecological zones do not follow political lines, so species tied to the Red Sea Hills, Jebel Marra, or the eastern escarpment commonly occur in Eritrea, Ethiopia, South Sudan or Egypt. Fieldwork in remote parts of Sudan is sparse, and many taxa remain under-studied or are later lumped with wider-ranging species in IUCN, GBIF, and Kew revisions. Close alternatives include species restricted to specific sites in Sudan (site endemics), regional endemics shared with neighbors, and narrowly distributed subspecies or varieties recorded only in Sudanese localities.
See related categories that do exist and will interest you. Look for regional endemics of the Red Sea Hills and Jebel Marra. Check site-based lists for the Suakin archipelago and eastern montane pockets. Explore near-endemics recorded as “Sudan + South Sudan” or “Sudan + Eritrea.” Consult IUCN Red List pages, GBIF occurrence maps, Kew’s plant checklists, and peer-reviewed floras for verified records.
Explore those regional and site-focused lists next to find the species that most closely match what you meant by “Endemic Species of Sudan.”
